{"id":649,"date":"2018-10-25T17:00:54","date_gmt":"2018-10-25T09:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/develop-note.com\/blog\/?p=649"},"modified":"2022-02-16T22:12:52","modified_gmt":"2022-02-16T14:12:52","slug":"2019ironman-flask-restful-day24","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/2018\/10\/25\/2019ironman-flask-restful-day24\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7b2c\u5341\u5c46\u9435\u4eba\u8cfd flask-restful DAY24-\u641e\u61c2\u5982\u4f55\u5c0e\u5165flask-SQLAlchemy"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u95dc\u65bcflask-SQLAlchemy<\/h1>\n

\u6628\u65e5\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6559\u6388\u5982\u4f55\u5c07sqlite\u5c0e\u5165\u73fe\u6709\u5c08\u6848\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528sqlite\u6709\u8457\u8af8\u591a\u4e0d\u4fbf\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u4eca\u65e5\u6559\u6388\u5927\u5bb6flask-SQLAlchemy<\/a>\uff0c\u85c9\u7531\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u5b58\u53d6\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u66f4\u65b9\u4fbf\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5b89\u88ddflask-SQLAlchemy<\/h2>\n

\u4e0d\u514d\u4fd7\u7684\u9084\u662f\u8981\u6559\u6388\u5927\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88ddflask-SQLAlchemy\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u76f8\u4fe1\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e0d\u7528\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f8b\u5b50\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5b89\u88dd\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u904e\u6709\u554f\u984c\u7684\u9084\u662f\u65b0\u9032\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u5011\u8acb\u53c3\u8003\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n

$ pip install Flask-SQLAlchemy<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c0e\u5165flask-SQLAlchmey<\/h2>\n
\u5728\u5b89\u88dd\u5b8c\u5f8c\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u6559\u6388\u5927\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u5c07flask-SQLAlchemy\u5c0e\u5165\u65e2\u6709\u61c9\u7528\u7a0b\u5f0f\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5176\u5be6flask-SQLAlchemy\u50cf\u5148\u524d\u5c0e\u5165\u7684flask-marshmallow\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5c07SQLAlchemy\u5c01\u88dd\u8d77\u4f86\u8b93\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u597d\u7528\u800c\u5df2\uff0c\u63a5\u4e0b\u4f86\u5c31\u4e00\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u4e00\u500b\u6b65\u9a5f\u6559\u6388\u5927\u5bb6\u5982\u4f55\u5c0e\u5165\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5efa\u7acbdb.py<\/h3>\n
\u5982\u540cflask-marshmallow\u89e3\u6c7a\u5de1\u8ff4\u76f8\u4f9d\u554f\u984c\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u9019\u88e1\u6211\u5011\u4e5f\u5148\u7522\u751f\u4e00\u500bdb\u5be6\u9ad4\u653e\u7f6eflask-SQLAlchemy\uff0c\u76f8\u95dc\u5167\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
from flask_sqlalchemy import SQLAlchemy\n\ndb = SQLAlchemy()<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u521d\u59cb\u5316flask-SQLAlchemy<\/h3>\n
\u7522\u751f\u5be6\u9ad4\u5f8c\u5728app.py\u9700\u8981\u521d\u59cb\u5316flask-SQLAlchemy\uff0c\u76f8\u95dc\u5167\u5bb9\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
    from common.db import db\n    from common.ma import ma\n    db.init_app(app)\n    ma.init_app(app)<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u9019\u88e1\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u5148\u521d\u59cb\u5316flask-SQLAlchemy\u5728\u521d\u59cb\u5316flask-marshmallow\uff0c\u5f8c\u7e8c\u6703\u8aaa\u660e\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5c0e\u5165\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ecb\u7d39flask-SQLAlchemy<\/h2>\n
\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u6a21\u578b<\/h3>\n
\u9019\u88e1\u4ee5\u6211\u5011\u7684\u5c08\u6848\u70ba\u4f8b\u5b50\u4f86\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff0c\u8acb\u770b\u4e0b\u5217\u7a0b\u5f0f\u78bc\uff1a<\/p>\n
class UserModel(db.Model):\n    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)\n    name = db.Column(db.String(80), unique=True, nullable=False)\n    email = db.Column(db.String(120), unique=True, nullable=False)\n    password = db.Column(db.String(120))\n\n    def __init__(self, name, email, password):\n        self.name = name\n        self.email = email\n        self.password = password<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u6b64\u5c31\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u4e00\u500bUserModel\u53ef\u4ee5\u76f4\u63a5\u5c0d\u61c9\u5230DB\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/p>\n
\u65b0\u589e\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u6599<\/h3>\n
    def save_to_db(self):\n        db.session.add(self)\n        db.session.commit()<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u900f\u904edb.session.add(self)\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u8cc7\u6599\u52a0\u5165\u7522\u751f\u65b0\u589e\u8cc7\u6599\u7684SQL\u8a9e\u6cd5\uff0c\u518d\u4f86\u900f\u904edb.session.commit()\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f7\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u6599\u5132\u5b58\u5230\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u5167\u3002<\/p>\n
\u522a\u9664\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u6599<\/h3>\n
    def delete(self):\n        db.session.delete(self)\n        db.session.commit()<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5982\u540cadd\u6307\u4ee4\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u57f7\u884cdb.session.delete(self)\u53ef\u4ee5\u7522\u751fSQL\u8a9e\u6cd5\uff0c\u518d\u4f86\u900f\u904edb.session.commit()\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f7\u884c\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u6700\u5f8c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u8a72\u7b46\u8cc7\u6599\u7531\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u4e2d\u522a\u9664\u3002<\/p>\n
\u67e5\u8a62\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u6599<\/h3>\n
    def find_by_name(cls, name):\n        return cls.filter_by(name == name).first()<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u900f\u904efilter_by\u53ef\u4ee5\u57f7\u884c\u67e5\u8a62\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\uff0c\u900f\u904efirst\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d6\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u7b46\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u900f\u904e\u6b64\u51fd\u6578\u627e\u5230\u5c0d\u61c9name\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u6599\u3002<\/p>\n
\u66f4\u65b0\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u6599<\/h3>\n
\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u6bd4\u8f03\u96e3\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5148\u66f4\u65b0Model\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u5f8c\u4e0b\u4e00\u500bcommit\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5373\u53ef\uff0c\u8acb\u5148\u770b\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a<\/p>\n
    def update(self):\n        db.session.commit()\n\nuser = UserModel.find_by_name('kirai')\nuser.email = 'ab.cd@gmail.com'\nuser.password = '456789'\nuser.update()<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u7576UserModel\u5728\u57f7\u884cdb.session.commit()\u6642\u4ed6\u6703\u5c07\u76ee\u524dUserModel\u5167\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8cc7\u6599\u66f4\u65b0\u5230\u8cc7\u6599\u5eab\u5167\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7d50\u5408flask-SQLAlchemy\u8207flask-marshmallow<\/h2>\n
\u9019\u90e8\u5206\u518d\u4ecb\u7d39\u5982\u4f55\u6574\u5408flask-SQLAlchemy\u8207flask-marshmallow\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b89\u88dd\u76f8\u4f9d\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab<\/h3>\n
\u5728\u6574\u5408\u5169\u500b\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\u4e4b\u524d\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88dd\u4ecb\u63a5\u5169\u500b\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\u7684\u51fd\u5f0f\u5eab\uff0c\u5b89\u88dd\u7684\u6307\u4ee4\u5982\u4e0b\uff1a<\/p>\n
$ pip install marshmallow-sqlalchemy<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u4fee\u6539Schematic<\/h3>\n
\u5b89\u88dd\u5b8c\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5c07Schema\u4fee\u6539\u5982\u4e0b\u5373\u53ef\uff1a<\/p>\n
class UserSchema(ma.ModelSchema):\n    class Meta:\n        model = UserModel<\/code><\/pre>\n
\u5c0f\u7d50<\/h1>\n
\u4eca\u65e5\u6559\u7a0b\u5148\u4ecb\u7d39flask-SQLAlchemy\u5982\u4f55\u5b89\u88dd\u4ee5\u53ca\u4ecb\u7d39\u5176api\u5982\u4f55\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u660e\u65e5\u518d\u4ecb\u7d39\u5982\u4f55\u5c07\u5176\u5c0e\u5165\u6211\u5011\u5c08\u6848\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u656c\u8acb\u671f\u5f85\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u95dc\u65bcflask-SQLAlchemy \u6628\u65e5\u7684\u6559\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6559\u6388\u5982\u4f55\u5c07sqlite\u5c0e\u5165\u73fe\u6709\u5c08\u6848\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u4f7f\u7528sqli … <\/p>\n
\u95b1\u8b80\u5168\u6587\u3008\u7b2c\u5341\u5c46\u9435\u4eba\u8cfd flask-restful DAY24-\u641e\u61c2\u5982\u4f55\u5c0e\u5165flask-SQLAlchemy\u3009<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[162,4,5,27,3,29],"class_list":["post-649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-develop","tag-2018ironman","tag-flask","tag-flask-restful","tag-flask-sqlalchemy","tag-python","tag-sqlalchemy"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/649","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=649"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/649\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2745,"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/649\/revisions\/2745"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=649"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=649"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.develop-note.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=649"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}